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}} The Cliffs Shaft Mine Museum is a former iron mine, now a heritage museum, located on Euclid Street between Lakeshore Drive and Spruce Street in Ishpeming, Michigan. The museum, operated by "Marquette Range Iron Mining Heritage Theme Park Inc.", celebrates the history of the Marquette Iron Range. The site was designated a state of Michigan historic site in 1973〔 and placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.〔 ==History== The Iron Cliffs Company was established in 1865 by a group of New Yorkers including Samuel J. Tilden. They obtained property in Marquette County and opened their first mine, the Barnum Mine, in 1867. Two shaft, the "A" and "B" were sunk. The company obtained three more mine pits by 1870. In 1877, Iron Cliffs began exploratory drilling on this site overlooking Ishpeming. Drilling uncovered iron ore, and in 1879 the company opened the Cliffs Shaft, then known as the "New Barnum".〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Cliffs Shaft Mine )〕〔 A new boiler house and engine house were built on the site in the early 1880s.〔 In 1888, the name was changed from "New Barnum" to the "Cliffs Shaft."〔 However, more changes were afoot: in 1891, the assets of the Iron Cliffs Company were merged with that of other iron companies in the area, including the Jackson Mine and the Cleveland Mine, to form the Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Company, with William G. Mather as president of the merged company.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher = abouthegreatlakes.com )〕 A new dry was built after a disastrous fire in 1901. The original timber headframes over the A and B shafts were replaced with concrete headframes in 1919; a larger modern "C" shaft and headframe was built in 1955.〔 The mine was at one time the nation's largest producer of hematite, and shipped ore every year but one from 1887 until its eventual close.〔 Mining at this site continued until 1967, marking the end of underground iron mining in the area.〔 The Cliffs Shaft mine complex was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992. It is commemorated by a Michigan Historical Marker 〔(Cliffs Shaft Mine ), Michigan Historical Markers〕 In 1998, the former owners of the mine donated the majority of the property of the Cliffs Shaft mine to the nonprofit group so that a museum could be created there. The museum opened in 1999.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher = U.S. Geological Survey )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cliffs Shaft Mine Museum」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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